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Disease Profile

Autosomal recessive distal renal tubular acidosis

Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.

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US Estimated

Europe Estimated

Age of onset

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ICD-10

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Inheritance

Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.

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Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.

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X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.

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X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.

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Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.

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Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.

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Not applicable

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Other names (AKA)

RTADR; RTA, distal, autosomal recessive; Renal tubular acidosis, autosomal recessive with preserved hearing;

Summary

The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.
orphanet

Orpha Number: 402041

Definition
An inherited form of distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) characterized by hypokalemic hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. Deafness often occurs either early or later on in life but may be absent or never be diagnosed.

Epidemiology
The prevalence is unknown.

Clinical description
Disease onset usually occurs in infancy or early childhood with polyuria, polydipsia, weakness and fatigue. Failure to thrive, rickets and stunting of growth (resulting from a loss of calcium salts from the bones) are common manifestations of the disease and can lead to progressive bone disease in adults. Some patients can be asymptomatic. Deafness may occur very early or later in life. Deafness is typically bilateral, progressive and unresponsive to alkali therapy.

Etiology
Autosomal recessive dRTA is due to mutations in the ATP6V1B1 (2p13) or ATP6V0A4 (7q34) genes. These genes encode kidney-specific V-ATPase 116 kDa isoform a4 and V-ATPase subunit B 1 of H+-ATPase, respectively. ATP6V1B1 mutations are usually associated with early onset deafness whereas ATP6V0A4 mutations have been reported with both early and late onset deafness but deafness can occur with either gene mutation.

Genetic counseling
This disease is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner and genetic counseling is possible.

Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources.

Symptoms

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
100% of people have these symptoms
Distal renal tubular acidosis
0008341
1%-4% of people have these symptoms
Bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment
0008619
Childhood onset
Symptoms begin in childhood
0011463
Hypercalciuria
Elevated urine calcium levels
0002150
Hypokalemia
Low blood potassium levels
0002900
Infantile onset
Onset in first year of life
Onset in infancy

[ more ]

0003593
Neonatal onset
0003623
Nephrocalcinosis
Too much calcium deposited in kidneys
0000121
Rickets
Weak and soft bones
0002748
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Autosomal recessive inheritance
0000007
Dehydration
0001944
Failure to thrive
Faltering weight
Weight faltering

[ more ]

0001508
Growth delay
Delayed growth
Growth deficiency
Growth failure
Growth retardation
Poor growth
Retarded growth

[ more ]

0001510
Vomiting
Throwing up
0002013

Diagnosis

Making a diagnosis for a genetic or rare disease can often be challenging. Healthcare professionals typically look at a person’s medical history, symptoms, physical exam, and laboratory test results in order to make a diagnosis. The following resources provide information relating to diagnosis and testing for this condition. If you have questions about getting a diagnosis, you should contact a healthcare professional.

Testing Resources

  • The Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) provides information about the genetic tests for this condition. The intended audience for the GTR is health care providers and researchers. Patients and consumers with specific questions about a genetic test should contact a health care provider or a genetics professional.

Learn more

These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

In-Depth Information

  • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
  • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
  • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Autosomal recessive distal renal tubular acidosis. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.